Choosing a wheelchair requires matching the chair to the user's physical abilities and lifestyle. Consider seat width, weight capacity, and whether a manual, transport, or power chair is best. A poorly fitted chair can cause pressure sores, poor posture, and make self-propulsion exhausting or impossible.
Selecting a wheelchair is not a one-size-fits-all process. Buying the wrong chair can lead to severe discomfort, skin breakdown, and a loss of independence. Whether you are looking for a temporary mobility aid after a surgery or a long-term solution, understanding the different types and sizes is crucial.
Types of Wheelchairs
- Standard Manual Wheelchairs: These have large rear wheels, allowing the user to propel themselves. They are heavy-duty but can be difficult to lift into a car.
- Transport Chairs: These have four small wheels and cannot be self-propelled. A caregiver must push them. They are lightweight, fold easily, and are perfect for quick trips to the doctor or the mall.
- Power Wheelchairs: Ideal for seniors with limited upper body strength. They offer total independence but require a specialized vehicle for transport and a fully accessible home environment.
Sizing It Right
The most common mistake is buying a chair that is too wide. If the seat is too wide, the user has to lean awkwardly to reach the handrims, causing spinal curvature and shoulder pain. If it is too narrow, it will rub against the hips, causing painful pressure sores.
To find the right seat width, measure the user across the widest part of their hips and thighs while sitting, then add one to two inches for winter clothing and comfort.
Seat Depth and Height
The seat depth should allow the user to sit all the way back with about two inches of space between the edge of the seat and the back of their knees. If the seat is too deep, it will cut off circulation to the lower legs. Finally, ensure the seat height allows their feet to rest flat on the footrests with their knees bent at a comfortable 90-degree angle. Consulting with a physical therapist or an assistive technology professional can help you make the perfect choice.
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